某自动武器闭锁状态机头应变模拟试验与仿真研究

苑大威; 贾飞; 解广华; 徐鹏

doi:10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.01.005

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装备环境工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1) : 33-39. DOI: 10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.01.005

武器装备

某自动武器闭锁状态机头应变模拟试验与仿真研究

苑大威^1,2, 贾飞¹, 解广华¹, 徐鹏³

作者信息 +

Simulation Test and Research on Strain of Locked Bolt Heads of Automatic Weapons

YUAN Dawei^1,2, JIA Fei¹, XIE Guanghua¹, XU Peng³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的解决自动武器闭锁过程不可见、开闭锁过程运动剧烈导致闭锁机构的应力应变难以测试的问题,进而掌握闭锁齿工作状态的力学特性。方法采用仿真与试验相结合的方法,首先进行自动武器闭锁状态模拟试验,获得4个闭锁齿的应变曲线,实现自动武器闭锁状态下机头闭锁齿侧壁的应变测试,进而通过有限元仿真进行对比,相互验证结果的有效性。结果 C4、C5位置受力工况恶劣,压应变较大,C1、C2位置更接近于齿根部,呈拉应变状态,C3、C5位置未处于闭锁齿扣合位置,应变值接近于0。结论结合仿真可以更加全面地观测机头所有位置的应力应变,形成虚实结合的仿真设计方法,更好地分析和预测机头设计中存在的不足,有效避免因强度不足引发失效、断裂等问题,有力支撑自动武器设计。

Abstract

The work aims to address the issues of the invisible locking process of automatic weapons and the intense motion during the opening and locking processes, which makes it difficult to test the stress and strain of the locking mechanism, and to understand the mechanical characteristics of the working state of the locking teeth. A combined approach of simulation and experiments was adopted. Firstly, a simulation test of the automatic weapon's locking state was conducted to obtain the strain curves of four locking teeth, achieving the strain test of the side wall of the locking teeth on the locked bolt head of the automatic weapon. Then, through finite element simulation, a comparison was made to mutually verify the validity of the results. The research results showed that the force conditions at positions C4 and C5 were harsh, with large compressive strain. Positions C1 and C2 were closer to the tooth root and presented tensile strain. Positions C3 and C5 were not in the locking tooth engagement position, and the strain values were close to 0. Combining simulation can more comprehensively observe the stress and strain at all positions of the bolt head, forming a virtual-real integrated simulation design method. It can better analyze and predict the deficiencies in the design of the bolt head, effectively avoid problems such as insufficient strength leading to failure and fracture, and strongly support the design of automatic weapons.

导出引用

苑大威, 贾飞, 解广华, 徐鹏. 某自动武器闭锁状态机头应变模拟试验与仿真研究[J]. 装备环境工程. 2026, 23(1): 33-39 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.01.005

YUAN Dawei, JIA Fei, XIE Guanghua, XU Peng. Simulation Test and Research on Strain of Locked Bolt Heads of Automatic Weapons[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2026, 23(1): 33-39 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.01.005

中图分类号： TJ410.3

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